Prostatitis is a clinical condition characterized by inflammation or infection localized in the prostate gland.
Etiological agents: Gram-negative bacteria – E. Coli (65% – 85%):
– Pseudomonas Aeruginosae
– Serratia
– Klebsiella
– Enterobacter
Risk factors that allow pathogenic bacteria to colonize the prostate:
– Phimosis
– Urinary dysfunctions – obstructive, irritative, neurological
– Untreated urinary infections
– Intermittent catheterization
– Transurethral surgical infections
Based on the onset of symptoms, prostatitis is classified into two forms:
– Acute
– Chronic (symptoms present for over 3 months)
PATIENT SYMPTOMS:
– Frequent urination
– Painful urination
– Weak, interrupted urine stream
– Fever, chills
– Acute urinary retention
– Pain during urination radiating to the external genitalia and perineum
Paraclinical diagnosis:
– Urine culture
– Culture from urethral secretion
– Sperm culture
– Complete blood count
– C-reactive protein
– Procalcitonin
Treatment:
Initiating antibiotic therapy is crucial in the progression of the disease. Empirical antibiotic therapy is necessary until the results of
biohumoral cultures (urine culture, urethral secretion, sperm culture) become available.
COMBINED THERAPY WITH ALPHA-BLOCKERS – improves urinary flow, reduces subvesical obstruction, and decreases intraprostatic ductal reflux.
IMPORTANT TO NOTE:
Between 2-12% of males over 20 years old may experience specific symptoms of prostatitis, and 9-16% of men receive this diagnosis during their lifetime.
Evaluation of patients includes a detailed medical history, complete physical examination including a localized prostate examination, urine analysis, and urine culture.
The primary treatment is antibiotics, and depending on the category and symptoms of the patient, alpha-blockers and anti-inflammatory drugs may be prescribed.
